Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is a treatment that increases testosterone levels in men with low hormone levels caused by age, illness or both. TRT may alleviate symptoms of low testosterone, such as reduced libido and muscle loss. It can also boost energy and improve mood, but a person should always discuss possible side effects with their doctor.

A doctor can prescribe TRT in the form of gels, tablets and patches or injections. Gels are applied to the skin and release the medication over 12 hours. They are easy to use but can cause a skin reaction in some people and may not be absorbed by the body effectively. A person can use a buccal patch above the upper teeth, which releases the medication through a gum twice each day, or a cream that is applied to the skin. Patches, which contain 30 mg of testosterone, are more convenient but can cause mouth and gum irritation. Testosterone pellets are small plastic pellets that doctors implant under the skin in a person’s upper hip or buttock. The pellets dissolve slowly and can deliver TRT for 3-6 months.

Revitalizing Vitality: Exploring the World of Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)

A recent study found that 5 out of every 1,000 active component service men filled a TRT prescription without a valid indication in 2017. The DOD should consider limiting the initiation of TRT to healthcare providers with board certification or specialized training to reduce inappropriate prescribing of long-term medications.